In Medico-Legal Traps in Spine Orthopaedic Surgery, we present a structured compendium of high-risk scenarios distilled from clinical realities. Each chapter delivers concise, factual insights: five critical medico-legal traps, their corresponding thumb-rule commandments, and a carefully analyzed medico-legal case study. Every section is designed to empower spine surgeons - not just to avoid litigation, but to elevate the standard of care through meticulous planning, transparent communication, and accountable practice.